The Funtions of The Robot in Our Daily Life


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Will robots replace us or make our lives easier? Have robots already invaded our daily lives? Should we consider them as crutches or should we develop their replacement functions? How can we seize the questions they raise in order to serenely approach the changes they bring about?

From a historical point of view, how can we understand the emergence of robots?

There are several periods in the great history of machines that imitate humans, but the break in the 19th century when we move from automatons to robots is undoubtedly the most important. Before the 19th century, only automatons were built, that is to say machines capable of always reproducing the same action according to a predefined program.

The robot brings an additional function in the sense that it reacts to its environment. The 19th century brought a break: the android or zoomorphic automatons of Antiquity or the 18th century gave way to industrial machine tools. “Toy” automatons are replaced by industrial robots whose gestures are useful. Machine tools are also evolving. First piloted by men, they are less and less so.

In the 18th century, Jacques played a key role because he combined two facets: usefulness and leisure. When he builds his three automatons – the duck, the flute player and the flute and tambourine player – he designs at the same time what can be used for other useful machines.

For example, when he is an inspector of silk factories, he observes the gestures of the weaver, designs a mechanism that can reproduce them and “enters” everything into the loom, which will then be fully automated. It is no longer the worker who does the work but the machine. The worker, meanwhile, monitors and serves the machine.

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This turn of the 19th century therefore begins with the heritage of. From there, the gestures of the man will gradually enter the machine. Later, we will integrate sound, image, etc. into these machines. All this will gradually build the world of robots.

 At the end of the 20th century, we made another leap with flexible workshops; these complete workshops where the machines work by themselves: wire-guided trolleys move the parts; when a tool is worn, it is carried away by another robot which reshapes it, etc. Finally, the men are only there at the level of the design and possible program changes.

Also Read : All about the Innovative robots that are used in industrial plants

Do you think that robots introduce, at the beginning of the 21st century, a technical revolution such as that of the printing press or the Internet?

I do not believe. Maybe we will realize that in 80 or 100 years. It’s a major development, that’s for sure. In terms of the history of techniques, developments are either “ramp” or “staircase”. In other words, either we advance gradually on a slope or we stagnate and then make significant leaps. It would seem, to stick to this image, that, as far as the robots are concerned, we are advancing in a “ramp”… but with a steep slope. However, we must remain cautious because, in 150 years, looking back, men may believe that there has been a real revolution.

The last Youibot turn in progress is that of the virtual robot. Finally, as in other domains, the virtual takes precedence over the real. This is very well illustrated in Matrix I (1999) where the directors present two

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Parallel worlds: the world of machines and the virtual world of humans. Today, everything that is “AO”, that is to say computer-assisted, has really taken on an important dimension. We almost only work on the virtual. We observe quite exciting phenomena in the field of telemedicine, for example. We can have a surgeon controlling a computer and thus carrying out an operation remotely. The entire surgeon’s know-how is transmitted by the machine, or even incorporated into a robot.

So the robot replaces the human hand?

The hand and the senses

The robot has sensors: it feels, it sees, it feels. Let’s take the example of the domestic robot vacuum cleaner. He will walk around the room to be cleaned to locate the places and draw topography. Then when he will start his work, he will come up against obstacles that did not exist before a pushed chair, a cushion. With its sensors, it will “see” objects, avoid them, and pass around them. It will adapt to its environment. But it also works for dishwashers that do not wash the same way when there are 12 very dirty place settings or 4 lightly soiled place settings. In a sense, modernity is no longer in the number of programs or buttons on an appliance but on the contrary in their disappearance, it is the appliances – washing machines.


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